Bojan Miovski gave Aberdeen the lead with 11 minutes played in the north-east before a 94th minute penalty from the Rangers skipper saw the points shared in the Scottish Premiership.
Manager Philippe Clement made three changes to the side which beat Livingston 2-0 in the Scottish Premiership two weeks ago.
Todd Cantwell, Jose Cifuentes and Danilo all came into the starting XI, with Ryan Jack missing out through injury and Cyriel Dessers and Sam Lammers on the bench.
Rangers lined-up in the north-east with Jack Butland in goal and the same back four from two weeks ago with James Tavernier, Connor Goldson, Leon Balogun and Borna Barisic in front of him.
John Lundstram retained his place in the middle of the pitch and was joined there by Jose Cifuentes and Tom Lawrence, while Todd Cantwell and Abdallah Sima supported striker Danilo.
Rabbi Matondo was named in the squad for the first time since September as he makes his return from injury, with John Souttar also returning to the squad. They were joined on the bench by Robby McCrorie, Ridvan, Cyriel Dessers, Sam Lammers, Dujon Sterling, Leon King and Ross McCausland.
An early Aberdeen chance saw Slobodan Rubezic head towards goal from a Leighton Clarkson free-kick but the effort was held well by Butland in the Rangers goal.
The Gers number one was called into action again with just four minutes on the clock as he pulled off a fantastic block to deny Ester Sokler. In the build-up, there were calls for a foul on Tom Lawrence in the middle of the pitch but referee Nick Walsh allowed the match to continue with a ball forward releasing Sokler one-on-one but the goalkeeper was on hand to deny the striker as he managed to clear with a diving save.
At the other end, a free-kick was lifted into the box by Borna Barisic in search of Leon Balogun. Todd Cantwell was able to gather to pick out Tom Lawrence in the area but his flick towards goal was gathered by Kelle Roos.
It was a lively opening period at Pittodrie as Cantwell linked up with Lawrence once again with the latter cutting inside to get another strong right-footed shot away at goal but Roos managed to get a hand to block.
It was the home side who took the lead at Pittodrie with 11 minutes on the clock. From a goal kick, the ball was flicked into the path of Miovski who was through on goal and the striker finished low beyond Butland to give Barry Robson’s men the lead.
As the game approached the half-hour mark and Rangers were searching for a route back into this game, Danilo came close as he was picked out in the box by Sima but his shot was blocked by the feet of Roos.
A first corner of the match for Rangers provided another fantastic opportunity to draw level. Tavenier whipped the ball into the box with it eventually landing for Abdallah Sima on the edge of the area. Sima delivered a fantastic ball into the box with Leon Balogun firing a close-range header at Roos but it was again blocked by the Aberdeen stopper before he gathered Lundstram’s follow-up effort.
Before the break, Butland denied Jamie McGrath with another superb save from a low drilled strike as the home side headed in at half-time with the one goal advantage.
Into the second-half, Danilo was denied by Roos from a tight angle after he got on the end of a lovely through ball from Tom Lawrence.
With 20 minutes of the match remaining, Rabbi Matondo was introduced for his first appearance since the Motherwell match at the end of September after recovering from a knee injury as he came on to replace Abdallah Sima.
Tom Lawrence came ever so close for Rangers as he hit the bar with a powerful right-footed strike from the edge of the box, before Leon Balogun was denied by the woodwork as his header from a James Tavernier corner came crashing back off of the bar.
Clement turned to his bench for the second time this afternoon with Sam Lammers and Ross McCausland introduced in place of Tom Lawrence and Todd Cantwell.
Referee Nick Walsh was called to the VAR monitor for the first time in the match as the game headed into added time. Connor Goldson appeared to have his shirt pulled at a Rangers corner and following the review the referee awarded Rangers the penalty.
James Tavernier stepped-up to the spot with 94 minutes on the clock and showed his composure from the spot as he went straight down the middle to have this game back level and secure a point for Rangers.
RANGERS: Butland, Tavernier, Goldson, Balogun, Barisic, Lundstram, Cifuentes, Cantwell (McCausland, 77), Lawrence (Lammers 77), Sima (Matondo, 70), Danilo.
Subs: McCrorie, Ridvan, Souttar, Dessers, Sterling, King.
Aberdeen: Roos, Devlin, Shinnie, Jensen, Gartenmann, McGrath, Miovski (Lopes, 80), Clarkson, Sokler (Polvara, 69), Duncan (McGarry, 67), Rubezic.
Subs: Doohan, Barron, Gueye, Hayes, MacDonald, Milne.